Sensing space: Designing for well-being in the urban environment

Urbanisation is a rapidly growing global trend. As cities expand, urban environments contribute to increased stress and sensory overload, challenges are likely to worsen. Research highlights a need for spaces of tranquillity and silence. This thesis investigates how architecture can address these issues through atmospheric, therapeutic, and biophilic design strategies. Drawing from the works of Gernot Böhme, Mark Wigley, Peter Zumthor, and Juhani Pallasmaa, the research explores how atmosphere shapes sensory perception, emotional engagement, and psychological responses to space. Therapeutic architecture, particularly the use of water for its sensory and healing benefits, supports physical, mental, and emotional health.

The design process involved maquettes, case studies, site and program analysis, collages, and drawings, identifying strengths and limitations while refining spatial atmospheres. Reflection revealed biophilic design as another strategy, addressing the human need for connection to nature. Research into Chinese gardens and the 14 patterns of biophilic design informed the integration of natural elements, bridging gaps in earlier phases.

The outcome demonstrates how a holistic architectural approach—rooted in atmosphere, therapy, and biophilia—can mitigate the negative impacts of urbanisation, enhancing urban well-being.