Investigating The Relationship Between Trauma Symptoms And Depression Symptoms Following Birth Trauma In New Zealand
The postpartum period is a time of profound psychological, social, and physiological changes, including mental health challenges such as postpartum depression and post- traumatic stress disorder. While postpartum depression has received considerable attention in research and clinical practice, the equally significant issue of postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder often remains overshadowed and underdiagnosed. Furthermore, the intricate relationship between trauma and depression in this context remains largely unexplored. Study 1 delves into this domain through a longitudinal examination of the relationship between birth trauma, trauma symptoms, and depression symptoms among postpartum birth parents in Aotearoa. The findings revealed that birth trauma reported at time 1 was associated with increased depression and trauma scores approximately four weeks later. Moreover, Study 1 reveals that trauma symptoms at time 1 fully mediate the relationship between birth trauma and depression symptoms at time 2, shedding light on the complex interplay between these variables. Building upon Study 1, Study 2 examined the day-to-day dynamics of trauma and depression symptoms among postpartum birth parents with reported birth trauma using experience sampling methodology. Results support the concept that trauma symptoms impact subsequent depressed mood and anhedonia, highlighting the critical need for early identification and intervention to mitigate the long-term effects of birth trauma on mental health. By combining longitudinal and day-to-day data, this thesis offers valuable insights into the multifaceted nature of postpartum mental health, emphasising the importance of adopting a holistic approach to support individuals during this vulnerable period.