Applying Funds of Knowledge in a New Zealand High School: The Emergence of Team-based Collaboration as an Approach

Underachievement by Māori and Pasifika students in New Zealand schools evidences the need for more effective teacher practices to support minoritized students‟ learning, in the interests of social justice. Learning about students' funds of knowledge (FoK) allows teachers to offer relevant learning experiences, achieving a fuller socio-constructivist approach to teaching and learning (González, Moll, & Amanti, 2005). This study explores the relevance of the FoK concept in the New Zealand context, and its application at high school level.  For the purposes of this qualitative study, participants (n = 21) from a high school community were organized into five teams; three teams included a teacher, students, and their parents, and two included a teacher and students. Each team negotiated, implemented, and evaluated strategies for the teacher to learn about students' FoK.  Findings highlight the dual layer of benefits arising from participation in collaborative teams and teacher inquiry into students' FoK. Each team formed a temporary system which transcended school norms and values, allowed members to interact in new ways, and provided a safe space for exploration of the application of FoK. A conceptual map outlining elements of the team-based collaboration (TBC) approach identifies factors related to purpose, participants, and process which generated each team's culture. Complex interplay of contextual elements influenced teams' milieu, decision-making, and valued outcomes.  Valued outcomes included: identification of diverse FoK held by Māori and Pasifika students; development of closer teacher-student relationships and increased mutual commitment; greater evidence of effective learning behaviors in class; and pedagogical applications that were congruent with existing teaching programs. Barriers to valued outcomes suggest areas for participant training; these included the matching of strategy choice to participants to illuminate FoK, traditional teacher-student dynamics, and time and timing. Implications for teacher practice and future research are identified.